The Impact of the Activities of Quacks on the Practice of Real Estate

THE IMPACT OF THE ACTIVITIES OF QUACKS ON THE PRACTICE OF REAL ESTATE PROFESSION IN NIGERIA. BY OREAGBA . K. OMOTOKE IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE AWARD OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE DEGREE (HONS) IN ESTATE MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT OF ESTATE MANAGEMENT JANUARY, 2011. Section ONE INTRODUCTION 1. 1. Foundation to the Study The idea of polished methodology depends on an expert in whatever professional field to serve his customer as well as the general public at large.This infers the need to keep up a serious extent of moral obligation and lead, since trustworthiness must be the watch word for any calling. Along these lines the accomplishment of expert status includes an order of study, an aggregation of information and a premise of trust combined with functional experience. In any case, the more expanded the field of training, the more outlandish it becomes for high expert codes and principles to be kept up and in this manner home office specifically can introduce problems.Age ncy can be alluded to as the matter of speaking to or offering a specific support for individuals or associations while a specialist is an individual who follows up in the interest of another as for a specific exchange, likewise an operator as someone who authoritatively speaks to another person in business or someone who offers a specific assistance for another. Then again, Real Estate,â inâ broadâ definition, alludes to land and everything fixed for all time a section thereof, and the nature and degree of one's advantage in that. In law, the word genuine, as it identifies with property, implies land as recognized from ersonal property; and domain is characterized as the intrigue one has in property. Valuers, Appraisers and Estate Agents Act 1981 characterized home organization practice as acting or holding oneself out to general society as prepared to act, for a commission, expense, reward or other thought, as an operator in regard of the deal or other removal of land and struc tures and of any intrigue in that or the buy or other securing of land and structures and of any intrigue in that or in regard of the renting or letting of land and structures and of any intrigue therein.Ibiyode(2009) in a meeting with the Saturday Tribune alludes to an undeveloped and unregistered individual from the Nigerian Institution of Estate Surveyors and Valuers (NIESV) rehearsing bequest office as a quack. Throughout the years, land organization practice has seen the convergence of the two experts and non-experts the same. Enlisted Estate Surveyors and Valuers, legal advisors that fill in as specialists, property experts, contract foundations, land sellers and uneducated middle people are found in bequest organization business (Opalana, 2009).Akomolede (2006) points out that it is just inert and ineffective legal advisors who leave their own calling to fiddle into domain office. He further clarified that butchers, mechanics, drivers, bookkeepers, legal counselors, educators , understudies, security watches, even inert housewives and pretty much anyone can fiddle into the training to win a commission.Statistics inferred by Akpoyibo ( 2009) shows that in the previous 5 to 8 years, fraudsters, working under the front of domain engineers, bequest operators, property experts and the board, among different business names, have assumed control over the city of Lagos, tricking and bringing wretchedness and disarray into the lives of their casualties. A portion of their techniques are very refined, they would put commercials in the print and electronic media, use bulletins and even print hand bills to report opening for pads, independent condos to let or even land and houses available to be purchased (Akpoyibo, 2009).This circumstance has truly influenced the picture of rehearsing Estate Surveyors whereby proprietors of properties have given over deals and lettings of their various properties to operators who much of the time are not solid and don't have legiti mate rights to do such exercises and who can't catch up the observing and appropriate upkeep of their client’s properties.In such cases the proprietor of the properties is in danger of terrible inhabitant and poor support which brings about loss of client’s cash. Over the span of perusing this, the analyst was incited to discover how has the exercises of quacks influenced Real Estate Profession with exceptional spotlight on land organization and property dealings in Lagos Island and its environs because of its high volume of letting and deals exchanges. 1. 2. Explanation of Research ProblemAccording to Akomolede (2006), the most concerning issue confronting the bequest office business in Nigeria today is the nonappearance of guideline, there is no empowering law under which home operators are enrolled and controlled; the risk is that the calling in its current state considers the interruption of a wide range of quacks. Another fundamental issue with the current framewo rk is that there is no prerequisite to have a place with an administrative body so as to set up and practice as an agent.Estate specialists may decide to become individuals from the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors or the National Association of Estate Agents, and it's a smart thought to check for their participation of these bodies while picking one to take a shot at your benefit. Wrongdoing Watch examinations distributed in the PM News (seventeenth September, 2009) uncovered that the vast majority of the properties publicized for lease or rent don't exist, and where they exist, individuals are joining many different casualties to line the eager pockets of these criminals.It was likewise uncovered that between a year ago and today, more than 1,000 house searchers in Lagos State have been tricked by these cheats, while a few a large number of naira has been lost. A few families have lost as long as they can remember investment funds and some have confronted desperation throu gh the exercises of these rebels. This study’s most prominent concern is the way that increasingly more house searchers are falling under the control of these quacks and a few a large number of naira is falsely gathered every day from Lagosians. The significant inquiries this examination plans to answer consequently include: i.What laws have been set up to control the exercises of quacks in Nigeria? ii. What are the impacts of quacks on Real Estate Practice ? iii. What should be possible to limit their exercises? 1. 3. Point and Objectives of Study The point of this examination is to contemplate the effect of the exercises of quacks on the act of land calling in Nigeria, with specific reference to Lagos Island property showcase. In accomplishing the point of this examination, the particular destinations are to: I. Look at the laws identifying with the act of bequest organization in Nigeria. ii.Asertain curious impacts of quacks on training of bequest office in the investigati on zone. iii. Distinguish approaches to limit the exercises of quacks to upgrade Real domain practice. 1. 4. Centrality of the Study Several authors have halfway inspected the effects and impacts of quacks on domain office practice. Comparable to their individual investigations, this examination will look at all part of misrepresentation related movement by distinguishing who these quacks are, likewise by inspecting the laws that controls the act of home office just as proposing potential answers for this menace.This undertaking will fill in as an impetus particularly to understudies right now reading bequest the executives and for those whose strength would be domain organization since it will aid appropriately arranging them as propective home assessors, and furthermore to the open telling them who they can relate with and how to recognize Estate Surveyors and Valuers. This examination is additionally significant in light of the fact that it would uncover the exercises of quacks/n on-experts in home organization, consequently empowering the Nigerian Institution of Estate Surveyors and Valuers to be in a decent situation to form out new sets of accepted rules for its individuals and discover methods of managing quacks.This research is to empower the perusers get why and how these quacks work under the covering of domain engineers, bequest operators, property advisors and the board, this is on the grounds that it has been seen by Crime Watch examinations that these quacks have assumed control over the city of Lagos, tricking and bringing hopelessness and disarray into the lives of their casualties. An itemized examination that would experience the total exploration necessities would no uncertainty limit, if not destroy the exercises of quacks in home office practice.This is the thing that this investigation means to accomplish notwithstanding advancing enthusiasm of organization assessors in the property showcase. This examination will go far in nullifying the exercises of quacks and furthermore telling the open who explicitly they can relate with and how to distinguish them, additionally keep general society from going into wrong hands. 1. 5. Extent of the Study No issue how aggressive an analyst could be, no single investigation can be sweeping. Henceforth, study limits must be characterized obviously. In this view his examination centers around the effect of the exercises of quacks on the act of Real Estate Profession in Nigeria. Bequest organization is choosen among different parts of land calling, in light of the fact that different parts of the calling needs permitting before one can rehearse, essentially an eatate operator needn't bother with proficient capabilities to rehearse. Additionally the exercises of the quacks influence more individuals at the lower rung of social and monetary stepping stool. Be that as it may, time limitation doesn't take into account the inclusion of the whole country.For this explanation, the extent of this examination is confined to Lagos Island, since it is known to be a business zone and it plays host to the fundamental government structures, shops and workplaces. Lagos Island contains a focal business region and this locale is described by elevated structures where all kind of exercises occur, generally business and budgetary organizations are executed and furthermore where various experts are based, and furthermore in light of the fact that it is huge and has a ton of home firms inside the zone. 1. 6. Study Area Lagos Is

BUSINESS - It's Legal, Ethical, and Global Environment Essay

BUSINESS - It's Legal, Ethical, and Global Environment - Essay Example Since men had the option to communicate their thoughts, religion had been the reason for battling for instance, the Crusades. Sadly individuals had utilized religion as a support for battling. Along these lines the men who decipher the religion expresses, that slaughtering guiltless lives and plundering is totally supported and lawful, as long as they are doing it for their religion, however in every other body of evidence its an unspeakable atrocity. Strict convictions and standards don't legitimize war, since one-individual expresses that God had advised them to battle and battle they will is prominently unintelligent. Fighting annihilates lives, utilizing religion, as a reason to kill incalculable casualties is an astounding inquiry since brutality ought not be directed due to a strict clash. War doesn't settle anything, just the reason for annihilation. The Crusades is a brilliant illustration of a contention that prospered from a distinction in religions. The Europeans had called their Christian armed force increasingly acculturated then to the alleged unbelievers they are battling. A multitude of being progressively socialized then the adversary can likewise be state as promulgation. No religion has an option to proclaim war on one another due to sacred land. The Pope had requested that the individuals battle in an obscure domain to recapture the blessed grounds, in which on the off chance that one does as such, his transgressions will be pardoned. Individuals left their spouses, youngsters, guardians, family, and companions to battle in this Blessed War in light of the fact that the Pope had pronounced that battling is excusable and will enter paradise in the afterlife. Individuals kick the bucket in wars, it is extremely unlikely that can be fixed, or in another term, just. Sure the Crusades had brought Europe out of the Dark Ag es yet at what cost, the lives died by the blade can never be recuperated. Because of untruths, warriors walk gladly onto the front line anticipating a wonderful triumph for the sake of their blessed God, having no questions on where they goes in the great beyond.

Sioux City

Sioux City Sioux City, city (1990 pop. 80,505), seat of Woodbury co., NW Iowa, at the junction of the Big Sioux and Floyd rivers with the Missouri; inc. 1857. It is a shipping, wholesale trade, and industrial center for an extensive agricultural and livestock area (including nearby states). It has a huge, central livestock market, a leading hog market, meatpacking houses, and processing plants for popcorn, poultry, and honey. Chemicals and fertilizers, electric and electronic goods, consumer products, feeds, apparel, machinery, transportation and computer equipment, communication towers, and seed are among its diverse products. The city was named to a honor a Sioux chief who aided the area's early pioneers. Morningside College and Briar Cliff Univ. are there. Nearby is a monument commemorating the death and burial (1804) of Sgt. Charles Floyd of the Lewis and Clark expedition . The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. All rights reserved. See more Encyclopedia articles on: U.S. Political Geography

How to Get Learning Accommodations at School

Some students struggle in school and need more support than is typically found in the traditional classroom, but that extra support isnt always easy to come by. For college students, typically the institution will require that the student provide documentation and request accommodations in a timely manner, and most will have the resources available to meet the students needs. However, the same isnt always true at secondary schools or middle/elementary schools. For schools who dont have robust academic support programs, students may be  forced into special education classrooms or they may be required to stumble along without accommodations in the traditional classroom.   However, there are options for students struggling in school, and one of those options is a private school. Unlike public schools, parochial and private schools do not have to grant students with learning disabilities accommodations. This ruling falls under section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act  and is a direct result of the fact that private schools dont receive public funding. These private schools also have a pass when it comes to the need to follow the regulations of the Individuals with Disabilities Act (IDEA), which states that public schools must grant students with disabilities a free appropriate public education. In addition, unlike public schools, private schools do not offer students with disabilities IEPs, or Individual Educational Plans. Private Schools: Varying Resources and Accommodations Because they do not have to adhere to these federal laws governing the education of students with disabilities, private schools vary in the support they grant to students with learning and other disabilities. While years ago, private schools often said that they did not accept students with learning issues, today, most schools accept students who have diagnosed learning issues, such as dyslexia and ADHD, and other issues such as autistic spectrum disorder,  recognizing that these issues are actually common, even among very bright students. There are even a number of private schools who cater to the needs of students with learning differences. Some private schools for learning differences were founded specifically for students whose learning challenges  dont allow them to enter the mainstream classroom. The goal is often to support students and teach them to understand their issues and develop coping mechanisms that allow them to enter the mainstream classroom, but some students remain in these specialized schools for their entire high school careers.   Dedicated Learning Specialists In addition, many private schools have psychologists and learning specialists on staff who can help students with learning issues organize their work and refine their study skills.  As such, a number of mainstream private schools even offer academic support program, ranging from basic tutoring to more comprehensive academic support curriculums that provide students with a personal educational expert to help them better learn how they learn and understand the challenges they have. While tutoring is common, some schools go beyond that and offer organizational structure, time management skill development, study tips, and even provide advice on working with teachers, classmates and handling workloads.   Private schools also may be able to grant accommodations to help students in school, including the following: extra time on testsuse of a computer or tablet for writing in-class essays and assignmentshelp from a learning specialist to learn how to prepare for tests, study, organize study materialsuse of a private room for testing or work If youre thinking of private school and either know or suspect that your child may need extra assistances, consider these steps you might pursue to determine if the school can meet your childs needs: Get Started with Professional Evaluations If you havent already, make sure to have your child evaluated by a licensed professional. You may be able to have the evaluation conducted by the local school board, or you may ask your private school for the names of private evaluators. The evaluation should document the nature of your childs disabilities and the required or suggested accommodations. Remember, that while private schools arent required to grant accommodations, many offer basic, reasonable accommodations, such as extended time on tests, for students with documented learning issues. Meet with Professionals at the School before you apply Yes, even if youre just applying to the school, you can request meetings with the academic specialists at the school. Assuming you have the testing results available, you may set up appointments. You would likely coordinate these meetings through the admission office, and they can often be combined with a school visit or sometimes even an Open House, if you provide advance notice. This allows both you and the school to assess whether or not your childs needs can be properly met by the school. Meet with Professionals at the School after youre accepted Once youre accepted, you should schedule a time to meet with your childs teachers and learning specialist or psychologist to begin developing a plan for success. You can discuss the results of the evaluation, the proper accommodations for your child and what this means in terms of your childs schedule. Here are more strategies about how to advocate for your child with learning issues. Article edited by Stacy Jagodowski.

Evaluation of Business Strategy Employed by Google China for Ascertaining Viability of Organisation Free Essay Example, 2250 words

Porter, has argued that a firm needs to have sustainable competitive advantages and there are two sources of competitive advantage; cost advantage and differentiation. In a differentiation strategy used by Google. cn, an organization seeks to be unique from other competitors in the industry where it offers services that are valued by the customers. Its position is entrenched by its ability to customize the search engine according to Chinese users language needs as well as launching a series of services to complement the search function. Through the development of a strategic partnership with China Mobile, China s largest telecom service operator, the organization s strategic position is strengthened and this gives the organization a competitive advantage over other rival competitors. 3.0 Analysis of the organization s strategic direction In order to critically analyze the organization s strategic direction paying particular attention to the identification of the methods by which th e organization s strategies have been pursued, it is imperative to conduct a SWOT analysis. A SWOT analysis defines the relationship between the internal and external environmental factors in the appraisals in the strategic analysis (Robinson 1997). Basically, SWOT stands for strengths, weaknesses which represent the internal environment of the firm while opportunities and threats are external environmental factors. We will write a custom essay sample on Evaluation of Business Strategy Employed by Google China for Ascertaining Viability of Organisation or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page Therefore, the objective of this analysis is to use the strategic pointers in order to use the existing business strengths to exploit the opportunities, create new opportunities, to counteract threats and repair the weaknesses (Robinson 1997). The major strength of Google is that it uses a complex set of highly developed processes in terms of innovative offerings and it also has a cutting-edge information technology infrastructure. In as far as strategic direction is concerned, this can go a long way in entrenching the position and strategy of the organization if properly implemented. This gives it a competitive edge which makes it possible to attain its strategic direction with the aim of positively influencing the behavior of internet users in China.

Brazilian foreign policy Free Essays

The fact that Brazil is one of the most important emerging nations can not be denied. There is no doubt that this country leads the pack when it comes to economic and political supremacy in the southern part of the American continent. This has been made possible by the desire of this country to become a regional and global power to reckon with. We will write a custom essay sample on Brazilian foreign policy or any similar topic only for you Order Now To this end, most of the presidents that have ruled this nation since the end of the military rule in the 1980’s have come up with foreign policies that can be viewed as assuming an international look while at the same time trying to maintain the sovereignty of this nation. Most notable of these foreign policies is the one that is adopted by the current Brazilian president. When Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva took the helm of this country in 2003, he came up with a foreign policy that seemed to be in contrast in some ways to his predecessor’s. Fernando Henrique Cardoso’s foreign policy, when compared to that of Lula, shows some remarkable differences. Lula has been vocal in opposing the hegemony that is associated with American foreign policies. He tries to create an economic and political system that is independent on the American influence while at the same been recognized by America as an equal, rather than a puppet of the American government. This stance seemed to be criticized when he developed a brief relationship, a close one, with George W. Bush when he came to power in 2002. This may be the reason why his foreign policies have been regarded as been inconsistent. But he maintains a pessimistic view of the globalization phenomenon. He regards it as the tool that is used by the rich nations to stifle and exploit both the poor and the emerging nations. This paper is going to take a critical look at Lula’s foreign policy. The strong points of his policy will be reviewed, as well as the weaknesses and challenges. Lula’s Foreign Policy: Assertive? According to Hurrell (51), Lula can be described as having taken a stand on international system that can be described as been mildly interesting. He views this international system with doubt, but goes ahead to say that it is possible for brazil to maintain an â€Å"activist and assertive foreign policy† (Hurrell 51). Cardoso’s foreign policy was regarded as not been assertive enough. He was once quoted saying that â€Å"creating friction with Washington is to lose† (Hurrell 53). This administration was not seen as defending the interests of this Latin American nation sufficiently. Lula sought to adapt a different style, aided by his supporters in the Workers Party. Lula emphasized the fact that the instability of the international system coupled by the centralization of powers in few hands was not a recipe for the development and sovereignty of Brazil. He was of the view that United States, together with a handful of allies, held far too much power in the international arena, such that if anything were to happen to them, it will affect most of the world’s nations negatively (Hurrell 51). He has always pointed to the current economic crisis as an example of how blunders committed by the wealthy nation of the world led to miseries of the poor nations. His disdain for the developed nations was evident when he talked down on Gordon Brown in a press conference in March 2009. He made the quote that made international headlines for days. â€Å"This crisis was caused by whiter people with blue eyes (sic)†¦. they pretended to know all about economics† (SkyNews 2009). He said this in front of Gordon brown, one his so called â€Å"white people with blue eyes†. Apart from showing how much he detested western powers, this statement was a clear indication of the fact that Lula does not fear these greedy westerners. He will stand by what he believes to be the truth, even if it did not go down well with the whites. The only other head of state that can be expected to make such a statement is maybe the Muslim leaders. But a president from a reportedly friendly nation to the Americans! Lula contends that the hyped global economy is more injurious than it is beneficial to the emerging nations (Hurrell 52). By this form of trade, the western nations entrench themselves in the world political and economic arena, while crises are created for the poor. A pointer to this is the current economic crisis. There is also a lot of inequality both internally and externally. This is because global trade benefits few individuals inside the local economies and few nations in the international arena. Lula’s administration has always sought to maintain the autonomy of this nation in the international arena (Hurrell 52). But at the same time, it needs to forge ties with other nations around the world. Lula has concentrated in forming ties with other emerging nations, shunning the western and developed countries (Barriaux 1). This will mitigate the external vulnerabilities associated with disassociation with the world superpowers. That is why Lula has shunned the North American’s Free Trade Area. Instead, he has resorted to strengthening regional cooperation with neighbors like Uruguay, Paraguay and others across the continent like South Africa, china and India (Fitzpatrick 1). Lula has started to give Washington jitters when it became obvious that he was intent in developing Brazilian nuclear technology (Hurrell 52). His administration is engaged in industrial secrets. But at the same time, he is wise enough to maintain friendly relations with the nuclear inspection teams that have been deployed to Brazil. Lula’s Foreign Policy: Successful? His policies have been hailed by many people as been a success story. This is considering the fact that countries which have tried to defy the western superpowers have fallen by the way side. But Brazil blazes ahead, albeit jerkily, even after defying America Washington and London. But still, some critics have been opining that Lula’s foreign policy is inconsistent. But maybe, the consistency of Lula’s foreign policy lies in its inconsistency. Perhaps the strength of his foreign policy lies in these so called inconsistencies. Brazil has always maintained a tough stance when it came to global trade. She was defiant that no dumping of low quality goods from foreign economies will be done on her economy. This was contradicted when Lula’s administration acknowledged China as a â€Å"market economy† (Fitzpatrick 1). This was in 2004. What this means is that Brazil can not stop the flow of low quality goods from China. China is known for her tendency to flood the international economy with her cheap, low quality goods. This is death sentence to the local industries. Brazil has resisted this until this point in time. China refused to back Lula in his bid to get a permanent slot at the United Nations’ Security Council (Fitzpatrick 1). This was seen as inconsistency in Lula’s stance of an autonomous nation. However, in 2009, Lula was in Beijing. This was perhaps payback time for China. While he was there, he signed a deal with Hu Jintao that would see Brazil export a total of 200,000 barrels of crude oil to Beijing (Barriaux 1). Also, a loan was offered to him from the Chinese government that was to spur development in Brazil. This was in excess of 10-billion dollar (Barriaux 1). He took his disdain of the American regime there when he said that plans were underway to abandon the American dollar as the medium of exchange when the two countries were conducting trade. This is the consistency of Lula’s inconsistent foreign policy that the writer is talking about. Lula, by signing the contract with the Chinese government, expressed his desire of cementing ties with other nations apart from the West. Brazil is a gross exporter of agricultural products, and this is the backbone of her economy (Fitzpatrick 1). When Lula and his lieutenants take the pessimistic and negative regard of the global market, one is left wondering where Lula plans to sell the entire Soya from this country. However, Lula has been calculative as ever. He led a boycott of the Doha round table talks in 2003, leading a group of developing nations out of the venue until the developed nations addressed their concerns. Celso Amorim, the foreign minister, led a successful crusade against subsidies that the European Union and America offered to their farmers (Fitzpatrick 1). All this was geared towards safeguarding the agricultural exports of the country. Lula has worked hard to revive Mercosur, the regional trade bloc of the Latin American nations (Hurrell 55). This is assign that he is interested in asserting regional control and influence in this region. Been a member of this organization, Lula will be able to bargain with the Americans and Britons when it comes to trade matters. This has given Lula leverage such that he is able to shun the western nations and at the same time make himself relevant to them. He has opted for this organization while at the same time resisting the Free Trade Area espoused by United States. Conclusion Lula has adopted a foreign policy stance that is bold but at the same time risky. He has sought to assert the presence of the Brazilian nation in the global arena while at the same time refusing to ride on the tail coats of the developed nations, like America. He has a pessimistic view of the global economy. This is risky considering the fact that Brazil is an exporting economy, and thus has to rely on the global market for success. Lula has tried to forge coalitions with other emerging nations like India and China. This way, Lula has eliminated the external vulnerability that the western countries would have taken advantage of by alienating Brazil with the rest of the developing nations. References Barriaux, M. C. Lula Signs Financial Agreements with Beijing. Retrieved from http://news. yahoo. com/s/afp/20090519/wl_asia_afp/chinabrazildiplomacytradecurrency_20090519162806, on 13th June, 2009. Fitzpatrick, J. K. Inconsistency of Brazil’s Foreign Policy. Retrieved from http://www. brazzil. com/2005-mainmenu-79/159-december-2005/9491. html, on 13th June, 2009. Hurrell, S. A. Lula’s Brazil: A Rising Power, but Going Where? Oxford: Oxford University, 51-57. SkyNews. White People with Blue Eyes. Retrieved from http://www. foxnews. com/story/0,2933,510954,00. html, on 13th June, 2009. How to cite Brazilian foreign policy, Papers

Hsa 505 free essay sample

1. The hospital urology department wants to establish a sexual dysfunction clinic. The department head wants to get an estimate of the number of males, ages 36 to 60, in the community suffering some form of sexual dysfunction. In the agenda of the hospital wanting to establish a sexual dysfunction clinic the methodology that should be used in probability sampling. The department head already knows who he wants to be chosen, so males living in the community know their chances of being selected. This circumstance is easy to understand, and it states that the individuals must have some form of sexual dysfunction in order to be chosen. Mailing surveys out into the community could be a great way to recognize the target population that the department head is targeting. This would provide anonymity and wouldn’t require personal information. 2. A primary care medical group is trying to determine whether patients are being greeted and serviced appropriately by the billing and admitting departments. We will write a custom essay sample on Hsa 505 or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page A convenience sample (nonprobability sample) is the methodology that the medical group should use in trying to determine how the patients are being greeted and serviced. The intention of this is to discuss with the patients the attitude and services they are receiving form the billing and admitting department; which can be indomitable fast and uncomplicated. The only dilemma would be not being able to determine the sampling error. The primary care group could hold one-on-one interviews with the patients on how they are being greeted and serviced. This would provide a high completion rate and the patients a long with the primary care group could develop some rapport for further data that is needed. 3. An MCO is trying to determine what concerns physicians have in agreeing to become part of its panel of physicians who will treat the managed care plan’s subscribers. In light of the MCO try to determine what concerns physicians have, using the stratified sample would be the appropriate methodology in the situation. The MCO could conduct a focus group to develop hypotheses. This will settle on any concerns the physicians have about becoming a part of the panel. This would be a very valuable approach for acquiring who will indulge the managed care plan subscribers. A woman’s health clinic has recognized the need to segment its market. 4. Describe three bases by which this clinic might segment the female market. The womens health clinic has a variety of ways in which they can segment its market. One base is sociodemographic segmentation. The women’s health clinic might ascertain a specific communication strategy geared to the needs of its patient’s age group. The clinic can base their services on gender; which in this clinic it would be women and they could offer pap smears, and mammograms. Another way the women’s health clinic can segment its market is psychographically through social class. The clinic can post advertisements (billboards, commercials, flyers, and brochures) directed to particular social classes in the area that would appeal women to utilize their services. A third major way the women’s health clinic can segment its market is by usage segmentation. To attract new patients who don’t utilize the facility, the clinic can launch a women’s health program targeted to women in the community. This program would be free and provide educational sessions, monthly newsletters, and access to schedule appointments via telephone, or internet. 5. Describe the manner in which the â€Å"product† component of the marketing mix would change in light of the segmentation base used. Newsletters are important and can tie into the customer satisfaction program of a health care organization. The product component would focus on individual differences in a way that would respond to elements in the marketing mix. If members of the market are not able to purchase the product or services then the market can’t be segmented. This would hinder a company from identifying which market segments to target and there would be not bases for segmentation to use. If an organizations market isn’t segmented then there is little value and affect towards the consumers behavior. 6. Explain the integration of this strategy in a total marketing program for a health care organization. The newsletters can tailor the program of the health care organization that would imply great results in patients and services. The health care organization is applying a major aspect by targeting the market with newsletters that will incline economic resources of the market. This shows consistency and availability for the organization by providing a guaranteed benefit that can maximize excessive customer satisfaction.

College Essay 101â€the Comprehensive Guide to College Writing

So, you can’t wait to get into college and join a fraternity, sorority, or student union. Well, we have some incredibly useful tips and helpful information for college admission essay writing! Remember: getting into college takes more than money. And outstanding essays get you great college scholarships! With help from our college essay writing service, you will be able to win any essay contest! Chapter 1: The Ultimate Guide to a Fantastic College Essay Suppose in high school you were an expert in writing five-paragraph essays. However, then college starts. Your brilliant writing turns out to be just so-so. If you are feeling confused about your custom essay writings, there are things you need to know. A five-paragraph essay is a standard form of writing in any school. It means that you can fit all your ideas into five paragraphs. And that only three paragraphs about the main point are enough. This type of a custom essay paper also has its certain inner structure that guides you directly to the end. College essays are much trickier. How so? Well, there are several reasons: 1. Higher demands for arguments First of all, they give more credits to strong, not vague, arguments. A college argument is a complex set of statements arranged logically. By a complex system a duo of claim and evidence is meant. By the way, there must be more than one supportive fact to any claim in a college essay paper. Whether it is a reflective essay or a cause and effect essay, support your claims!

Uncle Toms House essays

Uncle Toms House essays After reading the tale Uncle Toms Cabin, many things were required of me to be included in this analytical response. then to a plantation up the Red River. At each new place Tom goes his faith in God is put to the test, but Tom stays devout and refuses to turn away from God. In Kentucky Tom is owned by Andy Shelby, a kindly master, who has fallen in to debt and is forced to sell his slaves. Tom is sold to a slave trader named Haley. He ends up in New Orleans in the possession of a romantic and flighty man by the name of St.Clare. After the unfortunate death of St.Clare and his daughter Tom is sold to a wicked plantation owner, Simon Legree, up the Red River. The main character in Uncle Toms Cabin is Uncle Tom. He is a kindly, uncommonly honest and over all a good man. Tom maintains his faith in God although it is often tested. He is an obedient and hard working slave. He endures his fate while helping others in need escape theirs. He befriends other slaves who want to escape in Canada. He has a wife named Aunt Chloe who is the Shelbys cook. She too is a very good and pious person. Who vows to buy back Tom when he is sold and works hard to try to do so. There is also Eliza, the Shelbys maid and her son Harry, whom she learns is being sold to the slave trader along with Uncle Tom. She is pain stricken to think that she my be separated from her son and asks Tom for help. Andys wife is against slavery and begs Andy not to sell Harry. She is pleased with Eliza and Harrys escape. When Eliza appeals to Tom for help he advises that she along with her son run and the two quietly slip into the night. Though Tom decides he will not do the same. Andys wife who is against slavery and begged Andy not to sell Harry is pleased with Eliza and Harrys escape. Soon after the search for Eliza and Harry begins. The slave trader, Haley, along with two slaves track Eliza down but she narrowly escape ...

Management Assessment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Management Assessment - Essay Example From my personal Jungian personality type, I am a loyal, amiable, and willing to make sacrifices for the greatest good. This means that I am a dedicated person to the god of my job, especially in the struggle to achieve results. Management style thus is a dedicated type of management that does not offer room for laxity. As a manager with these qualities, I expect my team to be team players in their work, show dedication and willingness to work. However, this type of management style is suitable for careers such as a masseur, vet, painter, mechanic or clerical supervisor. This means that I have few people to manage in my daily operations. This helps in avoiding overworking others, as I would expect them to show equal dedication to work just like their manager. In most cases, this type of management leads to coercion and pushing other people, some times to the extreme limits. Although this type of management achieves results and targets at an early stage, employees feel more used and e xploited, leaving them demotivated. It could lead to a high employee turnover in a large organization. Five traits, described as The Big Five Personality Model determine the personality traits of a manager. They determine the strengths and weaknesses of a of the leadership qualities as a manager. Extroversion means that an individual is gregarious, assertive and sociable. This contradicts with introversion, which holds that people are reserved, timid and quiet. Managers who portray extroversion qualities are good managers, as they do not limit themselves to their own individual perceptions. Introverts are weak managers who are unsocial, reserved and timid. Agreeableness refers to an individual’s propensity to differ with others. People who possess a high level of agreeableness tend to be cooperative, warm and trusting. This defines the characteristics of a strong manager as they can cooperate with others easily, show high levels of warmth and trusting enough. However, weak ma nagers’ forms the group of people who score low on the agreeableness scale tend to be cold, disagreeable and antagonistic. This type of managers thus cannot compare with high levels of agreeableness. Conscientiousness measures the level of reliably of a person by others. Characteristics of a manager with a high level of conscientiousness include responsibility, organization, dependability, and persistent. Such managers are strong and highly reliable. On the other hand, weak managers score lowly on the conscientiousness scale. This is because they are easily distracted, disorganized and unreliable, qualities defining poor managers. Emotional stability described with its converse neuroticism taps into a person’s stability, the tendency of calmness, self-confident and secure. Strong managers are those possessing high emotional stability, and are calm, self-confident and secure. Openness to experience addresses an array of interests and fascination with novelty. Thus, mana gers with extreme openness are highly creative, curious and artistically sensitive. On the other hand, weak managers have weak emotional stability. Personality determines the management style people prefer applied to them. People scoring high on emotional stability are happier than those scoring low. Compared to other big five, the association of this trait to the job satisfaction is high. Thus, people lows on emotional stability are hyper-vigilant and are more prone to physical and psychological effects of stress. Extroverts tend to be happier in their jobs as well as their lives than the introverts are. They tend to perform better than the introverts and require strong interpersonal interaction. Since they have a high level of social dominance, they show exhibit a high level of assertion than the introverts. Thus, they are more likely to engage in more risky behaviour and miss from work more than the introverts. Managers who score high on openness to experience are more creative i n science rather than in art. Since creativity

Contemporary isssues in Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Contemporary isssues in Marketing - Essay Example and paper will discuss and focus on the notion of marketing in the contemporary, what the irreducible minimums are and how ethics borders on the subject of interest-marketing. Marketing as a concept has undergone a series of changes, dynamism and evolution over the years, shifting from the natural conventional meaning of selling goods and services. There have been changes relative to managerial focus, institutional focus, social aspect, commodity aspect and institutional focus or aspect. To begin with, the social aspect of marketing is concerned with the quality and the innate parts of the product or services (Murphy, 2010). This is to mention that a product, good or services is presented to the market due to its worth and value. Secondly, commodity aspect touches on the good or service itself and its usefulness in the human society and life (Maina, 2013). A practical case and instance is a manufactured good, finished product say a farm product such as diary which has undergone value addition. Institutional aspect in marketing seems to deal with the dealership concept from the wholesalers to the retailers and agent. Irreducibly, it would focus on how to e ntice and appeal to their natural and business instincts. Over the years, the changes, advancements, modifications and improvements in the field of technology has seen a corresponding change in the notion of marketing. In the past, business relied or word of mouth marketing, mailed brochures, radio and television advertisements and later is the internet marketing (Pride & Ferrell, 2011). Verbal marketing required field agents to be deployed to spread the good word and message of marketing. Secondly, the customers also shared the message with others and the brand name spread. Internet marketing has also been boosted by the expansion of the social media space where users can view products online and firms spend less for the marketing process. This argument and logic presents the chronological moves and evolution

Development of Graffiti as an Art Form

Development of Graffiti as an Art Form Graffiti: The Urban Canvas The Development of Graffiti as Art There are many ways in which the Graffiti we see today has developed over time to become known and recognised as an art form. However, it is a controversial subject often covered by journalists in the media as to whether Graffiti today is an up to date urban artistic development or simply mindless vandalism as often thought by society. The history of Graffiti can date back as early as prehistoric cave paintings and stone carvings created by early man to tell and record stories and news of the day. Using stone tools and natural pigments, which over time have developed into similar tools and materials that artists also use at present, produced these pieces. However, we can start to relate the conventional lettering we see today with the style of Roman Graffiti. The Romans would create signs and notices on the walls of buildings and businesses. An example of this was when Brothels would advertise business. The most recognisable motif behind Graffiti, particularly from the twentieth century into the twenty-first century would be music. Rock and Roll music of the nineteen-fifties and sixties proved as influential to youth then as it does now. One of the most famously photographed pieces of graffiti during this time was the Clapton is God slogan that one young fan of Musician Eric Clapton spraypainted onto a wall in London. This proved music had become influential upon youth culture within society. Not only this, but the effects of American culture on the impressionable juveniles of London. Rock and Roll, many say was the start of younger peoples rebellion in their teen years and the Graffiti that occurred to publicise fans love for their favoured band is strong evidence of this. Although, not so much as the effects of American Hip Hop from the eighties continuing on until the present day. Hip-Hop culture truly became popular in the nineteen-eighties, originating on the streets of New Yor k in the late nineteen-seventies. Hip-Hop Graffiti started to move from the subways to the streets in favour of the gang culture that started to arise with the increased popularity of the movement. Like many, the artist Jean Michel Basquiat started his artistic career in the music industry, associating with several Hip-Hop musicians who began in New York. In his time Another popular theme strongly associated with the increasing popularity of Graffiti is Politics. Graffiti has always been a tool for people to speak their mind, but its power has evolved over time from simple war propaganda of World War One and Two, to heightened political ridicule focused on the English and U.S governments current involvement in the war in Iraq and combating Terrorism. Graffiti has the advantage of being read by thousands of people. True, that speech is also effective but it seems that Graffiti has that edge when it comes to putting a point across. Graffiti can last a lot longer than words and its almost eerie silence to say something yet simply appear in a matter of seconds emerges as a bold statement and can be as big or small as its creator insists. Of course not all political Graffiti that has emerged over the years has been positive. For instance, during World War two, Nazi occupancy in Europe encouraged the etching of Swastikas and Anti-Semitic phrases such a s schweizer wehrt euch, kauft nicht bei Juden! meaning, Dont buy, Jews! Which were scribbled on Jewish occupied businesses in bold lettering. Even still, such political and social prejudices still exist through Graffiti. An example of this being the murals that have been painted on the sides of houses, buildings and walls in Northern Ireland to represent IRA territory and power or protests against the establishment. Such pieces of Graffiti seem to be overhanging reminders of the current political situation that drastically effects the area. Furthermore the subject of crime has always had a lot of association with Graffiti. Even though countless individuals see Graffiti as art nowadays, there is still very much the stereotypical belief that a spray can used on a wall to create an image constitutes vandalism. Sadly, crime is a contradicting element to Graffiti. An example of the law against Graffiti is a statement released by police in Norfolk, England, declaring A neglected physical environment is unsafe as it undermines pride in the local community that can lead to further degradation. It can also trigger other anti-social behaviour activities. It is therefore very important that Graffiti crime is stamped out and offenders challenged and penalised for it. Graffiti should be removed swiftly and offenders prevented from doing it again. which is clearly a tool of propaganda in recruiting people to stamp out Graffiti, whatever its purpose or appearance. However, there is a very important matter concerning chalk marks left b y burglars on the walls of homes or residences to signify the significant details of the establishment. For example, a circle with a cross through it, to indicate there is nothing of interest here. Perhaps more disturbingly though an upside down triangle with a wavy line on top denotes that a burglar knows that women live here alone. This shows that seemingly harmless markings in chalk that to an innocent eye could be made by a child encourage burglary and perhaps other crimes on top of this. One of the most notable issues that occurred, however, from the late eighties into the nineties, particularly in New York with the Hip Hop gang culture, was the vast increase in drug crime and demise of safety on the streets. As a consequence, the amount of graffiti artists and writers diminished as it was deemed too unsafe to walk the streets for fear of being shot, for example. It seems that within todays society the main argument is finding the distinction between art and vandalism. Since the development of lettering and tagging, which is the technique of posting your nickname wherever, you have been, there has been the expansion into Graffiti artists creating murals and spray-caned images that look like they should be in galleries. Maybe that is the difference between a conventional painting and a Graffiti piece is that the aim of a painting is to be hung in a gallery, whereas a Graffiti piece is constantly viewed by a very public gallery around the clock. One of the more prominent developments of Graffiti over the past couple of years is the expansion of Graffiti into the art world by existing commercial artists experimenting with techniques often associated with this particular style. Artist Tracy Emin for example has completed etchings and paintings consisting of lettering, random brush strokes and figure outlines. Another element that has contributed to the influx in Graffiti around town is the increase in spray paint products, including various shape nozzles to achieve different spray effects. Therefore it is no wonder that people have started to create larger and more complex pictures and murals because the tools have evolved over the years to make the process easier. However there is an argument with the Graffiti world that there is a clear divide between the commercial artists and the average urban artist. As we can see today, we have become a multicultural society in which we have taken on many different forms of artistic expression to convey issues that we feel matter to us. However, the ways in which this has come about has evolved through time along with the rights of man. Graffiti is a gateway to free speech in many aspects and we have become a lot more able to speak out. The Berlin wall was a good example of demanding peace through graffiti, insisting that divides in society are not the answer. Graffiti has definitely been able to become a form of artistic installation, with the widespread method of producing murals to decorate derelict or downtown communities around the world, such in Brazil and Spain, where it is a celebrated part of youth culture. Graffiti has definitely moved on from being a solely negative aspect of society and developed into a true urban art form, with walls becoming urban canvases of the modern age. Of course there are still those who do still use graffiti as vandalism, but many have now come to recognize graffiti as the major artistic genre of the 21st century.

Filipino Philosophy Essay

Filipino Philosophy is the attitude, worldview, and notion of the natural citizens of the Philippines towards the day-to-day experiences in life, religion, communication, survival, interrelationship with people and intra-relationship with his sakop or to oneself – the â€Å"I,† and the uplifting of one’s soul – the Filipino being. Filipinos are used to be stereotyped as the bamboo grass for it always sway with the wind. The Filipino people has gone through tough and rough times, good and bounty years, and yet they always stand as firm as it was on the day our ancestors fought Magellan. Our own worldview explains why we stand all erect despite economic downfall, political crisis, natural calamities. One thing that is to be observed, everything revolves in relationships, in the sakop, in the upliftment of one’s soul. Justice for the Filipino people is the satisfaction of the needs of the self and his relations. These and more is the pattern of Filipinos which leads to the general behavior of the nation – the philosophy of the Filipinos. It is the critical examination of the grounds for the fundamental beliefs of Filipino being as an individual and as a universal; likewise it is an analysis of the basic concepts employed in the expression of their worldview. Included in this study is the study of Filipino worldview from different tribal groups to mainland people and to the new generation of the modern times. Since it is a study and the Filipinos have a diversity of life as it has a seven thousand one hundred islands, there should also be different branches of Filipino Philosophy of which I categorize as: (1) Ethnolinguistic-Tribal Philosophy where Bicolano, Cebuano, Tagalog, Ilocano Philosphies would fall under; (2) Filipino Philosophy of Religion; (4) Animism and Practices of Filipinos; and (5) other Filipino Phylosophies that Filipino scholars may add and institutionalize that is not or only partially influenced by the Western Philosophy and purely in the Filipino context. Ethnolinguistic-Tribal Philosophy will further explain and discuss the main ideas and the worldviews of the linguistic groups in the country. Particulars bring about the general. Each particular small group philosophies combines into one distinct philosophy which is the Filipino Philosophy. What unites it or what is common among the philosophies? The self or the â€Å"I,† or that individual characteristic – sakop orientedness. The Filipino is more others-centered than self-centered. Filipino basic personality is made up of Filipino beliefs and knowledge that are equated and related to various rituals and formal and informal education passed from generation to generation. The family contributes to and maintains the Filipino values and to the individual self most specially that the Family is part of the â€Å"self† being the â€Å"sakop.† Filipinos value family highly and rely on family relations in defining and seeking help for problems or disorders. The family name is valued more highly than that of the individual. These values bind the individual to the family, making him/her to consider how a decision will impact the family. The Filipino cannot be discussed on a person by person basis. Unlike western practices, a Filipino is not complete without his relationships A Filipino cannot be defined sans family †¦ these are his essential relationships — with one another, with family — and no Pinoy is truly Pinoy without them. This relationship-seeking attitude is most evident when introducing Filipinos in every corner of the country. The basic unit of the Philippine social organization is the family that includes the mother, father and children, and the bilateral extended family that embraces all relatives of the father and the mother. Of special importance is the sibling group, the unit formed by brothers and sisters. There are no clans or similar unilateral kinship groups in the Philippines. The elementary family and the sibling group form the primary bases of corporate action. The Philippine society is characterized as familial. This means that the influence of kinship, which centers on the family, is far-reaching. The Filipino family is the nuclear unit around which social activities are organized – it is the basic unit of corporate action. The interests of the individual in Philippine society are secondary to those of the family. Filipinos have a unique way of establishing kinship without actual blood relations. â€Å"Pakikiramdam† or known as Smooth Interpersonal Relationships is the core identity of the Filipino. It is a natural skill for all Filipinos to read between the lines. He has this internal language to sense the surrounding. Filipinos rarely get involved if they have no personal concern regarding the activity or the project. A Filipino will exert more effort when he/she is related to that specific given task or his name and the name of the â€Å"sakop† is involved. Along with this also arises the need for a personal touch. A simple personal invitation is a hundred times more regarded than any formal written invitation. Filipinos likes to be invited even if it is only a joke and even if it is an occasion within the clan or nearby neighborhood. A neglect of this personality leads to misunderstanding or â€Å"pagdaramdam.† Filipinos usually like to associate themselves with a higher power and, in return, submit to this higher person if the need arises. This is most likely true to the â€Å"Masa† and even to elite people of the Philippines. It becomes the source of their strength and the source of a wall to lean on in times of crisis and in job seeking opportunities. Filipinos value small-group centeredness which can be seen from the word ofkami. A Filipino has a â€Å"barkada† aside from his immediate family where he/she can pour out his/her angst and happy moments with. It is the ultimate manifestation of small-group centeredness because it is a tight bond among friends which dictate what the group would think, do or say. Amor propio, the stubborn pride that Filipinos possess and hold on to despite the situation is another distinct element of being a Filipino. The expression wala ka namang pakikisama easily coerces Filipinos to act in peculiar manners especially if the pakikisama is determined by the barkada. Pakikisama is very important in a group, in a workplace, and in areas where there is a social group. Another characteristic is that Filipinos seek to succeed and make himself a person in his own right. It may be a show of being bida and sikat all the time that is a manifestation of pasiklaban, the Filipino does this only to share his glory with his family. Therefore, the Filipino is not inconsistent with the established fact that Filipinos are others-centered because his pagsasarili is a result of his desire to uplift his family or his loved ones – others-centeredness-responsibility. Hiya is a Filipino social behavior regulator that prevents a Filipino from violating a norm, a family value, and a group goal. This is also the root of the Smooth Interpersonal Relationships that Filipinos highly prize. This is the golden rule among Filipinos in the sense that a Filipino makes it a point not to intentionally embarass a person just as he wouldn’t want to be embarassed by another. Euphemism is an important Filipino procedure for all relationships. This tactfulness mirrors the Smooth Interpersonal Relationship that Filipinos highly regard. In the interdependent Philippine society, reciprocity is an essential to all relationships. Utang-na-loob, a Filipino is indebted to another until such a favor is returned in kind. This utang na loob is very much rampant in 95 % of Filipinos specially those who are native of the Philippines and among Filipinos in other countries. Utang na loob may stem from Hiya or mainly from the uniqueness of the Filipino â€Å"self.† Many of the provinces of the Philippines are separated from each other by water because the Philippines is an archipelago. Large islands, Luzon and Mindanao have mountain ranges also separate different land areas. As a result of the physical isolation from each other, Filipinos have a rich, multi-cultural heritage and speak 150 different languages and dialects. It must be noted that even though Filipinos speak many languages, there are only eight major languages based on the number of speakers: Tagalog, Cebuano, Ilokano, Hiligaynon/Ilonggo, Waray, Bikolano, Pangasinense, and Kapampangan. Of these, Filipino, which is based onTagalog and was formerly spelled as ‘Pilipino,’ is the official language along with English. Most textbooks, laws, signboards and mass media are either in English or Filipino. From this language barrier and indifferences come out regionalism which dates back from the the colonial past of the Philippines under Spain and the United States. Spaniards encouraged regionalism to dissipate any nationalist revolt against them. They practiced a â€Å"divide and rule† policy wherein they employed Filipino soldiers from one region to put down an uprising in another region. In addition, Spanish friars, in their desire to evangelize, studied the native tongues and incorporated Catholicism into Filipino social customs and religious observances. In doing so, the Spaniards preserved the native languages and dialects of the Filipinos. They also implanted Roman Catholicism in the Philippines, and influenced the Philippine legal system, social institutions, literature and arts. Meanwhile, the American colonial rule also unwittingly encouraged regionalism.[11]. Language differences and regionalism are just a few factors of the rich cultural herritage and behaviors of individual – tribes in context – that give color and blend of Filipino Philosophy. major factors influencing Filipino Philosophy are its Education, Language and Geography, Western and Eastern Philosophies, and most especially Religion. Education shapes the mind of individuals. It is the way of acquiring and disseminating knowledge. Through education, cultures, thoughts and ideas, concepts and theories are handed down from one generation to another. It is by education that we learn the Western thoughts and their civilization which we try to imitate and to live-out. It is by education that we inculcate to the next generation, the ideal self and the justified and unjustified, true and false beliefs. Language and Geography determine the type of the desires, the taste and the perceptions of the people. It is one of the major factors contributing to the indifferences of major cultures in the Philippines most especially that the country is separated by water. Culture takes part in the molding of history and of man. And the rest, together with culture and history runs in circle around the development and of the nature of Filipino Philosophy. Culture, like history, modifies the worldview of the Filipinos. For every ethno-linguistic community, society, province or region whatever you want to call it, every individual or the whole group has its own worldview on how to enrich, practice, and show his or her own culture. Despite the indifferences of cultural background and ancestral indifferences, the Filipino worldview in the context of the self has never changed. Culture is passed from generation to generation through time (history), through psychological time, but the self being that self, which is others-oriented-kin-related-self, remains the same as it is. In this regard, the Filipino self is unique and his worldview, which is to be in harmony with all that is around him or her, is true to every Filipino from age to age and from culture to culture. Filipino Philosophy is unique in itself and is a pride of the Filipino people. It doesn’t matter which general worldview it belongs. What matters is that the country that belongs to the eastern coast has a philosophy that is distinct and rich in itself. The choice is left to the people whether to take it as a material for its national pride and left to the critics, the Filipino philosophers and scholars if they push our philosophy to the limits and to the level of other philosophies or to drag it down. For it shapes the Philippine politics, economics, justice system, and the rest of that which revolves in the society of the country. A Filipino has two major ways of dealing with his society depending upon the basis of relatedness to the self. Individuals always value pakikitungo, pakikisalamuha, pakikisama to people whom he does not know; and likewise, he/she deals on how to be in harmony with the related individuals to his life – involvement and â€Å"pakikiisa† are two very important values to consider.

American Interventions Since World War Ii Essay

Since 1940, the United States has a long history of foreign interventions, long since leaving behind its former isolationism. Its motives have included the urge to fight fascist aggression, the desire to contain communism’s spread (and protect American economic interests), and preserving American access to plentiful Middle Eastern oil. Before December 1941, much of the American public favored isolation from world affairs, especially in the wake of World War I, to many a pointless conflict. However, others looked warily at the spread of fascism and militarism in Europe and eastern Asia. President Franklin Roosevelt believed by 1938 that the conflict would eventually draw in the United States, and he wanted to assist the United Kingdom in its war against Germany (which it fought with virtually no help beyond American aid programs like Lend-Lease). Roosevelt, aware that many Americans were wary of another futile war, framed the conflict in moral terms, presenting Hitler’s fascism and Japan’s militarism as evils that needed eradication by the forces of democracy. He cautiously began preparing the nation for war by expanding the armed forces and defense economy, aiding the British, and imposing embargoes on oil and metal sales to Japan, vainly hoping that Japan’s military-run government would desist from its aggressive expansion throughout eastern Asia. The Cold War began almost immediately after World War II, giving the United States no real opportunity to revert to isolationism. By mid-1945, the Soviet army had already occupied much of eastern and central Europe, claiming its right to â€Å"buffer nations† and using a dying Roosevelt’s agreement at Yalta to justify their domination of Poland, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, and much of the Balkan region. Very quickly, the Soviet Union began expanding its assisting communist rebels in various nations, and the United States saw a threat not only to its own dominance but also to capitalist economies abroad (many tied to American economic interests). Aware that much of Europe was devastated and impoverished by the war (and thus vulnerable to Soviet influence), the Truman administration actively intervened in European affairs with aid packages like the Marshall Plan, the Truman doctrine (which led to American intervention in Greece and Turkey, where communist insurgents actively sought control and the British were unable to cope), and the creation of NATO as a military response to the Soviets. The Cold War also drove the United States to intervene further in Asia, after the communist takeover in China in 1949 and the outbreak of hostilities between North and South Korea in 1950 (which turned into a sort of proxy war between the United States and China). After a cease-fire halted the Korean conflict in 1953 (indeed, it has not officially ended and American troops remain there in large numbers), the United States followed the policy of containment, initially outlined in 1946 by George Kennan NSC-68 document. Accepting the existence of both the Soviet Union and China, American policy aimed to prevent communist expansion into other nations, particularly the newly-independent Third World nations that had been European colonies before 1945. This often involved behind-the-scenes support of various regimes (sometimes democratic, often authoritarian and repressive) Though Lyndon Johnson framed the Vietnam War in Cold War terms, using the â€Å"domino theory† to argue that halting communism in southeast Asia was pivotally important, the conflict’s roots lay in the mid-1940s, when the Vietnamese declared independence from France and fought an eight-year war for liberation, ending with France’s defeat at Dien Bien Phu in 1954. The United States, which began providing aid to France as early as 1950, increasingly viewed Vietnam’s fight to reunify under Ho Chi Minh through the lens of Cold War thinking, and Johnson approached the war as a battle against communist expansion, rather than as a guerrilla war for national liberation and unity. In the Middle East, American interventions generally concerned both the region’s rich oil supplies and the nation of Israel, whose independence the United States recognized within minutes of its declaration in 1948. American support for Israel was motivated in part by Truman’s sympathy for the Jews, given their horrific experiences under Nazism) complicated relations with Arab states and incurred long-lasting Arab mistrust of the United States. In addition, the United States (being the world’s largest oil consumer) was eager to protect the region’s vast oil fields from the Soviets and drove the United States to support dictators such as the Shah of Iran and later Iraq’s Saddam Hussein – with negative consequences in both cases. When communism ended as an international threat, American leadership increasingly viewed Arab extremism as the new threat to its hegemony. The Gulf War of 1990-1991 grew from Iraq’s invasion of Kuwait, which upset the region’s political status quo and jeopardized the West’s access to Kuwaiti oil. The current conflict in Iraq is a continuation of this, as well as an effort to assert American authority in a region which has long regarded the United States with suspicion and disdain. Economic and geopolitical motives were the chief factors behind American interventions abroad after 1940. The United States entered World War II to fight fascist aggression and expansion, while the Cold War was a struggle against both growing communist influence and the resulting threats to global capitalism and Vietnam transformed from efforts to help a colonial power to a Cold War fight. Finally, American activity in the Middle East has been motivated by a desire to keep the region a stable and dependable source of oil, as well as a desire to combat Muslim extremists aiming to undermine American domination. REFERENCES Boyer, Paul S. et al. The Enduring Vision. Third edition. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1998. Goldfield, David et al. The American Journey. Third edition. Upper Saddle River NJ: Prentice Hall, 2005.

The Historic Olmec City of San Lorenzo

The Olmec culture thrived along Mexico’s Gulf coast from roughly 1200 B.C. to 400 B.C. One of the most important archaeological sites associated with this culture is known as San Lorenzo. Once, there was a great city there. Its original name has been lost to time. Considered by some archaeologists to be the first true Mesoamerican city, San Lorenzo was a very important center of Olmec commerce, religion, and political power during its heyday. Location San Lorenzo is located in Veracruz State, about 38 miles (60km) from the Gulf of Mexico. The Olmecs could not have selected a better site to build their first great city. The site was originally a large island in the middle of the Coatzacoalcos River, although the course of the river has since changed and now only flows past one side of the site. The island featured a central ridge, high enough to escape any flooding. The floodplains along the river were very fertile. The location is close to sources of stone which were used for making sculptures and buildings. Between the river on either side and the high central ridge, the site was easily defended from enemy attack. Occupation of San Lorenzo San Lorenzo was first occupied around 1500 B.C., making it one of the oldest sites in the Americas. It was home to three early settlements, referred to as the Ojochà ­ (1500-1350 B.C.), the Bajà ­o (1350-1250 B.C.), and the Chichà ¡rras (1250-1150 B.C.). These three cultures are considered pre-Olmec and are largely identified by pottery types. The Chicharrà ¡s period begins to show characteristics later identified as Olmec. The city reached its peak in the period from 1150 to 900 B.C. before falling into decline. This is referred to as the San Lorenzo era. There may have been some 13,000 inhabitants at San Lorenzo during the height of its power (Cyphers). The city then went into decline and passed into the Nacaste period from 900 to 700 B.C. The Nacaste did not have the skills of their forebears and added little in the way of art and culture. The site was abandoned for some years before the Palangana era (600-400 B.C.). These later inhabitants contributed some small mounds and a ball court. The site was then abandoned for over a thousand years before it was re-occupied during the Late Classic era of Mesoamerican civilization, but the city never regained its former glory. The Archaeological Site San Lorenzo is a sprawling site which includes not only the one-time metropolis of San Lorenzo but several smaller towns and agricultural settlements that were controlled by the city. There were important secondary settlements at Loma del Zapote, where the river forked to the south of the city, and El Remolino, where the waters re-converged to the north. The most important section of the site is on the ridge, where the nobility and priest classes lived. The western side of the ridge is known as the â€Å"royal compound,† as it was home to the ruling class. This area has yielded a treasure trove of artifacts, particularly sculptures. The ruins of an important structure, the â€Å"red palace,† are also found there. Other highlights include an aqueduct, interesting monuments scattered around the site, and several artificial pits known as â€Å"lagunas,† the purpose of which is still unclear. Stonework Very little of Olmec culture has survived to the present day. The climate of the steamy lowlands where they lived has destroyed any books, burial sites, and items of cloth or wood. The most important remnants of the Olmec culture are therefore architecture and sculpture. Fortunately for posterity, the Olmec were talented stonemasons. They were capable of transporting large sculptures and blocks of stone for masonry for distances of up to 60 kilometers (37 miles). The stones were probably floated part of the way on sturdy rafts. The aqueduct at San Lorenzo is a masterpiece of practical engineering. Hundreds of similarly-carved basalt troughs and covers weighing many tons were laid out in such a way as to promote the flow of water to its destination, which was a duck-shaped cistern designated Monument 9 by archaeologists. Sculpture The Olmec were great artists and the most remarkable feature of San Lorenzo is doubtless the several dozen sculptures that have been discovered at the site and nearby secondary sites like Loma del Zapote. The Olmec were famous for their detailed sculptures of colossal heads. Ten of these heads have been found at San Lorenzo. The largest of them is nearly ten feet tall. These massive stone heads are believed to depict rulers. At nearby Loma del Zapote, two finely sculpted, nearly identical twins face two jaguars. There are also several massive stone thrones at the site. All in all, dozens of sculptures have been found in and around San Lorenzo. Some of the statues were carved out of earlier works. Archaeologists believe that the statues were used as elements in scenes with religious or political meaning. The pieces would be laboriously moved around to create different scenes. Politics San Lorenzo was a powerful political center. As one of the first Mesoamerican cities — if not the first — it did not have true contemporary rivals and ruled over a large area. In the immediate environs, archaeologists have discovered many small settlements and dwellings, mostly located on hilltops. The smaller settlements were likely ruled by members or appointments of the royal family. Smaller sculptures have been found at these peripheral settlements, suggesting that they were sent there from San Lorenzo as a form of cultural or religious control. These smaller sites were used in the production of food and other resources and were of strategic use militarily. The royal family ruled this mini-empire from the heights of San Lorenzo. Decline and Importance In spite of its promising start, San Lorenzo fell into steep decline and by 900 B. C. was a shadow of its former self. The city would be abandoned a few generations later. Archaeologists do not really know why San Lorenzos glory faded so soon after its classic era. There are a few clues, however. Many of the later sculptures were carved out of earlier ones, and some are only half-completed. This suggests that perhaps rival cities or tribes came to control the countryside, making the acquisition of new stone difficult. Another possible explanation is that if the population somehow declined, there would be insufficient manpower to quarry and transport new material. The era around 900 B.C. is also historically linked to some climatic changes, which could well have adversely affected San Lorenzo. As a relatively primitive, developing culture, the people of San Lorenzo subsisted on a handful of core crops, hunting, and fishing. A sudden change in climate could affect these crops, as well as the nearby wildlife. San Lorenzo, while not a spectacular place for visitors like Chichà ©n Itzà ¡ or Palenque, is nevertheless an extremely important historical city and archaeological site. The Olmec is the parent culture of all of those which came later in Mesoamerica, including the Maya and Aztecs. As such, any insight gained from the earliest major city is of inestimable cultural and historical value. It is unfortunate that the city has been raided by looters and many priceless artifacts have been lost or rendered valueless by being removed from their place of origin. It is possible to visit the historical site, although many of the sculptures are currently found elsewhere, such as the Mexican National Museum of Anthropology and the Xalapa Anthropology Museum. Sources Coe, Michael D. Mexico: From the Olmecs to the Aztecs. Ancient Peoples and Places, Rex Koontz, 7th Edition, Thames Hudson, June 14, 2013. Cyphers, Ann. San Lorenzo, Veracruz. Arqueologà ­a Mexicana, No. 87, 2019. Diehl, Richard. The Olmecs: Americas First Civilization. Ancient Peoples Places, Hardcover, Thames Hudson, December 31, 2004.